Which microorganism is primarily responsible for the initiation of dental caries?

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The microorganism primarily responsible for the initiation of dental caries is Mutans streptococci. This group of bacteria, particularly Streptococcus mutans, is known for its ability to metabolize sugars and produce acid as a byproduct. The acid produced by these bacteria is what demineralizes the enamel of teeth, leading to the development of caries.

Mutans streptococci thrive in the oral environment, especially in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates. Their presence is often a hallmark of the progression towards caries formation because they can attach to the tooth surface and form biofilms, making it difficult for saliva to wash them away. As these bacteria continue to produce acid, they create an acidic environment that further promotes the demineralization process.

While other bacteria like Lactobacillus casei and Porphyromonas gingivalis can play roles in dental caries and periodontal disease, they are not primarily responsible for initiating caries. Lactobacillus casei is more involved in the progression of caries rather than the initial formation, and Porphyromonas gingivalis is more closely associated with periodontal disease rather than caries itself. Streptococcus mitis is part of the oral flora but does not play

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